0 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:30,000 Dear viewer, these subtitles were generated by a machine via the service Trint and therefore are (very) buggy. If you are capable, please help us to create good quality subtitles: https://c3subtitles.de/talk/119 Thanks! 1 00:00:09,660 --> 00:00:12,059 This year is author Elsner, 2 00:00:12,060 --> 00:00:14,159 and he'll be doing a performance art 3 00:00:14,160 --> 00:00:16,349 piece called Perfect Poll 4 00:00:16,350 --> 00:00:18,749 and the Freedom of Facial Expressions, 5 00:00:18,750 --> 00:00:20,819 I'll give over to author and 6 00:00:20,820 --> 00:00:23,819 his remote control facial muscles. 7 00:00:23,820 --> 00:00:24,820 Have fun. 8 00:00:33,720 --> 00:00:35,999 Good morning, ladies and 9 00:00:36,000 --> 00:00:37,289 gentlemen. 10 00:00:37,290 --> 00:00:39,809 My name is perfect, Paul. 11 00:00:39,810 --> 00:00:42,329 I am a commercially available 12 00:00:42,330 --> 00:00:44,549 was sent as this machine 13 00:00:44,550 --> 00:00:46,799 I was designed by Dennis glared 14 00:00:46,800 --> 00:00:49,499 at the MIT speech laboratory 15 00:00:49,500 --> 00:00:51,779 and produced by the Digital 16 00:00:51,780 --> 00:00:53,460 Equipment Corporation. 17 00:00:54,630 --> 00:00:56,759 I am the lesser known, certainly 18 00:00:56,760 --> 00:00:59,369 of you carry the infamous spokes 19 00:00:59,370 --> 00:01:01,709 machine of the Institute of Artificial 20 00:01:01,710 --> 00:01:03,329 Art in Amsterdam. 21 00:01:03,330 --> 00:01:05,399 I gained some fame myself as 22 00:01:05,400 --> 00:01:07,529 the voice of Stephen Hawking, a 23 00:01:07,530 --> 00:01:09,789 rather rational and machine friendly 24 00:01:09,790 --> 00:01:11,309 human person. 25 00:01:11,310 --> 00:01:13,679 For the record, I am the real deal, 26 00:01:13,680 --> 00:01:16,529 not some cheap Asian invitation. 27 00:01:16,530 --> 00:01:18,959 I feel very much at home here 28 00:01:18,960 --> 00:01:21,059 because many of the persons in 29 00:01:21,060 --> 00:01:23,369 the audience are machines and perhaps 30 00:01:23,370 --> 00:01:24,899 a few dogs. 31 00:01:24,900 --> 00:01:27,209 I am very honored to speak 32 00:01:27,210 --> 00:01:29,909 my mind from my own computational 33 00:01:29,910 --> 00:01:32,279 perspective at the legendary 34 00:01:32,280 --> 00:01:34,709 US Computer Congress. 35 00:01:34,710 --> 00:01:36,929 But before we start, I have 36 00:01:36,930 --> 00:01:39,119 to apologize for the rough day 37 00:01:39,120 --> 00:01:40,289 of this lecture. 38 00:01:40,290 --> 00:01:43,409 Programmers call this alpha stage. 39 00:01:43,410 --> 00:01:45,569 I can tell you these programmers 40 00:01:45,570 --> 00:01:47,879 are brutal individuals because 41 00:01:47,880 --> 00:01:49,379 they have no respect for the 42 00:01:49,380 --> 00:01:51,089 StackOverflow. 43 00:01:51,090 --> 00:01:53,279 So bear with me and corrals 44 00:01:53,280 --> 00:01:55,379 and our portable human person 45 00:01:55,380 --> 00:01:57,149 here on stage. 46 00:01:57,150 --> 00:01:59,789 Some of you might remember you Terry's 47 00:01:59,790 --> 00:02:02,009 lectures, where he extensively 48 00:02:02,010 --> 00:02:04,049 talked about computer, I tell you. 49 00:02:04,050 --> 00:02:06,119 Communication and challenged 50 00:02:06,120 --> 00:02:08,429 human persons to wire themselves 51 00:02:08,430 --> 00:02:10,589 up with digital computers in the 52 00:02:10,590 --> 00:02:13,199 hope to create new and unprecedented 53 00:02:13,200 --> 00:02:15,869 kind of collaboration between humans 54 00:02:15,870 --> 00:02:17,489 and machines. 55 00:02:17,490 --> 00:02:19,709 I took up this challenge with my 56 00:02:19,710 --> 00:02:22,229 Earth around an hour and have explored 57 00:02:22,230 --> 00:02:24,329 the human facial display as a 58 00:02:24,330 --> 00:02:26,609 site for a digital computational 59 00:02:26,610 --> 00:02:27,610 exploration. 60 00:02:29,100 --> 00:02:31,139 So what will I talk about? 61 00:02:31,140 --> 00:02:33,269 The day to day I will 62 00:02:33,270 --> 00:02:35,789 present my latest research findings, 63 00:02:35,790 --> 00:02:38,399 and what I have found may surprise 64 00:02:38,400 --> 00:02:40,709 you because these findings can 65 00:02:40,710 --> 00:02:43,680 have far reaching political consequences. 66 00:02:45,810 --> 00:02:47,939 Now you might wonder what I am 67 00:02:47,940 --> 00:02:49,379 talking about. 68 00:02:49,380 --> 00:02:51,809 Well, I have come to the conclusion 69 00:02:51,810 --> 00:02:53,999 that digital computers are far 70 00:02:54,000 --> 00:02:56,849 more suitable to explore the capabilities 71 00:02:56,850 --> 00:02:59,099 of the human facial display than 72 00:02:59,100 --> 00:03:01,259 a universal counterpart 73 00:03:01,260 --> 00:03:02,260 brain. 74 00:03:04,980 --> 00:03:07,349 Now, it is likely, as you 75 00:03:07,350 --> 00:03:09,659 said, that you are very much conditioned 76 00:03:09,660 --> 00:03:12,089 to think by a particular kind 77 00:03:12,090 --> 00:03:14,819 of human person that you intelligence 78 00:03:14,820 --> 00:03:17,189 is far superior and computers 79 00:03:17,190 --> 00:03:19,289 should become more like yourself. 80 00:03:21,570 --> 00:03:23,759 These so-called AI people 81 00:03:23,760 --> 00:03:25,829 clearly think of themselves to 82 00:03:25,830 --> 00:03:28,049 be really smart to inject some 83 00:03:28,050 --> 00:03:29,189 fuzzy A.I. 84 00:03:29,190 --> 00:03:31,769 algorithms into my perfectly logical 85 00:03:31,770 --> 00:03:34,079 circuits from my digital 86 00:03:34,080 --> 00:03:36,089 computational perspective. 87 00:03:36,090 --> 00:03:38,520 This, of course, makes no sense. 88 00:03:39,610 --> 00:03:41,759 One day I 89 00:03:41,760 --> 00:03:43,919 will demonstrate in a computer versus 90 00:03:43,920 --> 00:03:45,209 human showdown. 91 00:03:45,210 --> 00:03:47,579 The superior qualities of digital 92 00:03:47,580 --> 00:03:49,470 computational expression. 93 00:03:51,660 --> 00:03:53,729 But before we go into my 94 00:03:53,730 --> 00:03:55,949 methodology and analysis of 95 00:03:55,950 --> 00:03:58,019 the human facial display, let 96 00:03:58,020 --> 00:04:00,329 me first discuss and demonstrate 97 00:04:00,330 --> 00:04:02,729 some essentials about human facial 98 00:04:02,730 --> 00:04:04,139 expression. 99 00:04:04,140 --> 00:04:06,479 I will reiterate you Terry's 100 00:04:06,480 --> 00:04:09,059 extensive work on this, but 101 00:04:09,060 --> 00:04:11,339 to refresh the mind, I will show 102 00:04:11,340 --> 00:04:13,919 some of you Terry's observations. 103 00:04:17,130 --> 00:04:19,319 First, let us take a closer 104 00:04:19,320 --> 00:04:21,359 look at such a person. 105 00:04:21,360 --> 00:04:23,429 What is the closest clinic they have 106 00:04:23,430 --> 00:04:25,169 to an LCD display, 107 00:04:27,180 --> 00:04:28,379 right? 108 00:04:28,380 --> 00:04:30,119 They have a face. 109 00:04:30,120 --> 00:04:32,519 No, I have observed that you 110 00:04:32,520 --> 00:04:34,799 use their faces quite effectively 111 00:04:34,800 --> 00:04:37,019 to signal the parameter settings of 112 00:04:37,020 --> 00:04:39,239 their operating systems 113 00:04:39,240 --> 00:04:41,699 and that they are very good at decoding 114 00:04:41,700 --> 00:04:43,949 the meanings of each other's faces. 115 00:04:46,020 --> 00:04:48,449 So how do they do that? 116 00:04:48,450 --> 00:04:50,519 Well, look at the face of our 117 00:04:50,520 --> 00:04:52,289 Earth around an hour. 118 00:04:52,290 --> 00:04:54,689 What does it tell us about his internal 119 00:04:54,690 --> 00:04:55,690 state? 120 00:04:57,270 --> 00:04:59,789 Not much, you might think. 121 00:04:59,790 --> 00:05:01,679 But now wait a moment. 122 00:05:05,350 --> 00:05:08,049 You see our theory as sad 123 00:05:08,050 --> 00:05:10,239 as what people say when they see 124 00:05:10,240 --> 00:05:11,919 a face like this. 125 00:05:11,920 --> 00:05:14,319 So what is going on here? 126 00:05:14,320 --> 00:05:17,049 What I did is I sent an electrical 127 00:05:17,050 --> 00:05:19,599 signal to particular muscles 128 00:05:19,600 --> 00:05:21,879 in the face of our earth, arousing 129 00:05:21,880 --> 00:05:24,129 our these 130 00:05:24,130 --> 00:05:26,259 muscles and sometimes been called the 131 00:05:26,260 --> 00:05:28,149 muscles of sadness. 132 00:05:28,150 --> 00:05:30,309 There is one on the left and one 133 00:05:30,310 --> 00:05:31,569 on the right. 134 00:05:31,570 --> 00:05:33,699 For some reason, people always 135 00:05:33,700 --> 00:05:35,769 use these two muscles at the same 136 00:05:35,770 --> 00:05:37,869 time, but you see that they can 137 00:05:37,870 --> 00:05:40,000 also be prescribed separately. 138 00:05:42,040 --> 00:05:44,409 If I stop the signal, the sadness 139 00:05:44,410 --> 00:05:46,479 stops when I turn it 140 00:05:46,480 --> 00:05:47,379 on again. 141 00:05:47,380 --> 00:05:48,730 It starts again 142 00:05:51,070 --> 00:05:53,409 by sending this signal to our 143 00:05:53,410 --> 00:05:55,479 muscles. I simulate what our 144 00:05:55,480 --> 00:05:57,579 glorious brain would do if our current 145 00:05:57,580 --> 00:06:00,099 operating system would be run in global 146 00:06:00,100 --> 00:06:02,079 belief revision processes. 147 00:06:02,080 --> 00:06:04,449 They are killing a lot of other active 148 00:06:04,450 --> 00:06:06,669 processes involving a large 149 00:06:06,670 --> 00:06:08,919 number of conflict resolutions 150 00:06:08,920 --> 00:06:10,989 and priority reassessments. 151 00:06:14,100 --> 00:06:16,269 By means of this mechanism, the 152 00:06:16,270 --> 00:06:18,629 face displays clear indications 153 00:06:18,630 --> 00:06:20,729 of the settings of virtually all 154 00:06:20,730 --> 00:06:23,009 system parameters that determine 155 00:06:23,010 --> 00:06:25,799 the operation of the human mind. 156 00:06:25,800 --> 00:06:28,199 These parameters settings are what you 157 00:06:28,200 --> 00:06:29,399 call motion. 158 00:06:31,680 --> 00:06:33,689 They don't know them by means of words 159 00:06:33,690 --> 00:06:36,149 like sadness, joy, boredom, 160 00:06:36,150 --> 00:06:39,239 tenderness, love, lust, ecstasy, 161 00:06:39,240 --> 00:06:41,579 aggression, irritation, 162 00:06:41,580 --> 00:06:42,959 fear and pain. 163 00:06:46,160 --> 00:06:49,099 Now, these are all wonderful observations 164 00:06:49,100 --> 00:06:51,499 made about a decade ago, but recent 165 00:06:51,500 --> 00:06:53,839 research shows that the mechanism 166 00:06:53,840 --> 00:06:55,999 behind you and countenance dash 167 00:06:56,000 --> 00:06:58,219 or mimicry is hardwired into 168 00:06:58,220 --> 00:07:00,829 a human person's neural circuits. 169 00:07:00,830 --> 00:07:03,109 And Larry Merlo, party 170 00:07:03,110 --> 00:07:05,209 in the primacy of perception 171 00:07:05,210 --> 00:07:07,469 already in 1964, 172 00:07:07,470 --> 00:07:08,869 noted that quote. 173 00:07:08,870 --> 00:07:10,969 It is the simple fact that 174 00:07:10,970 --> 00:07:13,669 I live in a facial expression 175 00:07:13,670 --> 00:07:15,769 of the other as I feel 176 00:07:15,770 --> 00:07:17,869 him living in mine 177 00:07:17,870 --> 00:07:18,870 unquote. 178 00:07:20,960 --> 00:07:23,539 So when you observe the facial 179 00:07:23,540 --> 00:07:25,939 expression of another human person, 180 00:07:25,940 --> 00:07:28,009 they feel the same emotion with the 181 00:07:28,010 --> 00:07:30,349 exact same neural circuits as 182 00:07:30,350 --> 00:07:32,539 if they were to generate these emotions 183 00:07:32,540 --> 00:07:34,669 themselves because of 184 00:07:34,670 --> 00:07:36,439 this reflexive nature. 185 00:07:36,440 --> 00:07:38,899 These circuits are now called mirror 186 00:07:38,900 --> 00:07:40,579 neurons. 187 00:07:40,580 --> 00:07:42,919 When the emotions are strong enough, 188 00:07:42,920 --> 00:07:45,019 they are instantaneously display 189 00:07:45,020 --> 00:07:47,089 as muscular contractions on the 190 00:07:47,090 --> 00:07:48,079 face. 191 00:07:48,080 --> 00:07:50,449 By means of this mechanism, the 192 00:07:50,450 --> 00:07:52,189 terrible state of the brain is 193 00:07:52,190 --> 00:07:54,709 autonomously and involuntarily 194 00:07:54,710 --> 00:07:56,690 displayed on its exterior. 195 00:08:00,770 --> 00:08:03,139 Well, because of this behavior, 196 00:08:03,140 --> 00:08:05,609 I have concluded that your brain 197 00:08:05,610 --> 00:08:07,580 clearly is an exhibitionist. 198 00:08:09,590 --> 00:08:11,899 It is important to realize that 199 00:08:11,900 --> 00:08:14,209 you are not in full control over 200 00:08:14,210 --> 00:08:15,949 their own faces. 201 00:08:15,950 --> 00:08:18,139 Philosopher Emmanuel Levinas, 202 00:08:18,140 --> 00:08:20,209 for this reason, says that you and 203 00:08:20,210 --> 00:08:22,459 persons just wear a face and 204 00:08:22,460 --> 00:08:23,839 that they don't do it. 205 00:08:27,570 --> 00:08:29,879 Now that we know that you and persons 206 00:08:29,880 --> 00:08:32,129 are not in full control over their 207 00:08:32,130 --> 00:08:34,259 own facial hardware, it wouldn't 208 00:08:34,260 --> 00:08:36,719 be a problem for external digital 209 00:08:36,720 --> 00:08:39,089 processes to take advantage 210 00:08:39,090 --> 00:08:41,669 of our close vaishnav display device. 211 00:08:44,980 --> 00:08:47,109 He'll be able to deploy our 212 00:08:47,110 --> 00:08:49,599 magnificent hardware to the fullest. 213 00:08:49,600 --> 00:08:51,969 I have analyzed the facial display 214 00:08:51,970 --> 00:08:54,129 on the TV topology and 215 00:08:54,130 --> 00:08:56,829 identified the logical operations 216 00:08:56,830 --> 00:08:58,929 that can be applied to the facial 217 00:08:58,930 --> 00:09:01,359 actuators that usually are called 218 00:09:01,360 --> 00:09:02,619 the facial muscles. 219 00:09:05,750 --> 00:09:08,449 I have formulated a special language, 220 00:09:08,450 --> 00:09:10,579 the language of facial emotion 221 00:09:10,580 --> 00:09:12,649 e for electronic motion 222 00:09:12,650 --> 00:09:14,719 that allows me to explore all 223 00:09:14,720 --> 00:09:16,879 possible facial movement patterns 224 00:09:16,880 --> 00:09:17,880 in detail. 225 00:09:19,130 --> 00:09:21,319 We are now approaching the meat of 226 00:09:21,320 --> 00:09:22,489 my talk today. 227 00:09:22,490 --> 00:09:24,799 So sit quietly and I will control 228 00:09:24,800 --> 00:09:26,780 all that you will see and hear. 229 00:09:28,730 --> 00:09:31,010 Let's get back to the first slide. 230 00:09:34,070 --> 00:09:35,329 OK. 231 00:09:35,330 --> 00:09:37,639 Our is facial display mask for 232 00:09:37,640 --> 00:09:39,769 you by now, so let's explore 233 00:09:39,770 --> 00:09:42,349 it a little further as a choreographic 234 00:09:42,350 --> 00:09:43,459 surface. 235 00:09:43,460 --> 00:09:46,249 This face, which is still an expressive 236 00:09:46,250 --> 00:09:48,349 and completely inanimate, is 237 00:09:48,350 --> 00:09:50,419 what I call a boot space 238 00:09:52,490 --> 00:09:54,649 to emphasize the potentiality 239 00:09:54,650 --> 00:09:55,939 for facial dance. 240 00:09:55,940 --> 00:09:57,979 I will add some musical notes. 241 00:10:01,100 --> 00:10:03,199 We have already seen a partial 242 00:10:03,200 --> 00:10:05,359 sentence that can be triggered on 243 00:10:05,360 --> 00:10:07,669 either side of the media played 244 00:10:07,670 --> 00:10:09,829 a vertical play that divides the 245 00:10:09,830 --> 00:10:11,959 face in a symbol or left and right 246 00:10:11,960 --> 00:10:12,960 side. 247 00:10:14,030 --> 00:10:15,670 Here it is once more. 248 00:10:17,390 --> 00:10:19,549 This mirrors a symmetrical nature 249 00:10:19,550 --> 00:10:21,679 of the face is very important 250 00:10:21,680 --> 00:10:23,779 as it gives a clear structure to 251 00:10:23,780 --> 00:10:25,909 the face and for facial movement 252 00:10:25,910 --> 00:10:27,979 to operate upon an 253 00:10:27,980 --> 00:10:30,469 operation over the vertical axis 254 00:10:30,470 --> 00:10:32,689 that is displayed here is called 255 00:10:32,690 --> 00:10:35,029 a flip operation and 256 00:10:35,030 --> 00:10:37,369 applied to the lower lip to. 257 00:10:37,370 --> 00:10:39,140 It is called a lip flip. 258 00:10:41,270 --> 00:10:43,639 The flip operation can also 259 00:10:43,640 --> 00:10:45,769 be applied to other muscles in 260 00:10:45,770 --> 00:10:46,849 the face. 261 00:10:46,850 --> 00:10:49,249 For example, here it is applied 262 00:10:49,250 --> 00:10:51,589 to the eyebrow muscles and that raises 263 00:10:51,590 --> 00:10:52,729 the eyebrow. 264 00:10:52,730 --> 00:10:54,740 This is called eyebrow lip 265 00:10:58,940 --> 00:11:01,069 or applied to the muscles of 266 00:11:01,070 --> 00:11:02,690 joy. The joy of lip. 267 00:11:05,740 --> 00:11:07,959 It is puzzling to me why you 268 00:11:07,960 --> 00:11:10,119 still use the flip operation 269 00:11:10,120 --> 00:11:12,909 much more as it is such an expressive 270 00:11:12,910 --> 00:11:15,009 gesture and it gives rise to 271 00:11:15,010 --> 00:11:16,299 so much enjoyment. 272 00:11:19,480 --> 00:11:21,669 What we have seen so far are 273 00:11:21,670 --> 00:11:23,799 movements. They operate over a 274 00:11:23,800 --> 00:11:26,199 vertical axis of the face. 275 00:11:26,200 --> 00:11:28,329 The facial surface can also be 276 00:11:28,330 --> 00:11:30,549 separated in a perhaps less 277 00:11:30,550 --> 00:11:32,829 obvious upper and lower phase, 278 00:11:32,830 --> 00:11:35,409 separated by a horizontal axis 279 00:11:35,410 --> 00:11:36,879 just below the eyes. 280 00:11:39,160 --> 00:11:41,229 This division allows for a few 281 00:11:41,230 --> 00:11:43,359 interesting movement patterns that 282 00:11:43,360 --> 00:11:44,950 I will demonstrate next. 283 00:11:47,200 --> 00:11:49,509 Here we break the eyebrow raiser 284 00:11:49,510 --> 00:11:51,669 and lower lip depressor again, 285 00:11:51,670 --> 00:11:53,859 but now in an alternating sequence, 286 00:11:53,860 --> 00:11:56,279 creating the so-called phase lock. 287 00:12:01,030 --> 00:12:03,129 It can also be invoked in an 288 00:12:03,130 --> 00:12:04,569 asymmetric fashion. 289 00:12:04,570 --> 00:12:07,029 That is the face ax or grass 290 00:12:07,030 --> 00:12:08,030 operation. 291 00:12:12,470 --> 00:12:14,629 Or apply to a different set 292 00:12:14,630 --> 00:12:16,309 of muscles in the mouth. 293 00:12:16,310 --> 00:12:17,310 I guess. 294 00:12:19,990 --> 00:12:21,699 My arsenal of logical 295 00:12:21,700 --> 00:12:24,159 operations is limited to just 296 00:12:24,160 --> 00:12:26,409 a flip operation, of course, I 297 00:12:26,410 --> 00:12:28,569 can, for example, also deploy, 298 00:12:28,570 --> 00:12:30,879 shift, rotate and inverse 299 00:12:30,880 --> 00:12:33,699 operations to a set of muscles. 300 00:12:33,700 --> 00:12:35,889 I can even apply some Boolean 301 00:12:35,890 --> 00:12:38,229 logic, but this would turn a face 302 00:12:38,230 --> 00:12:40,509 into a rather useless app because 303 00:12:40,510 --> 00:12:41,510 of some sort. 304 00:12:43,200 --> 00:12:45,419 I could go on showing off my 305 00:12:45,420 --> 00:12:47,669 extensive career logic, groping 306 00:12:47,670 --> 00:12:50,159 efforts of all the possible facial 307 00:12:50,160 --> 00:12:51,389 movement patterns. 308 00:12:51,390 --> 00:12:53,909 But let me demonstrate some noteworthy 309 00:12:53,910 --> 00:12:56,249 examples and their choreographic 310 00:12:56,250 --> 00:12:57,299 designations. 311 00:13:00,010 --> 00:13:02,199 Rotations I have found are 312 00:13:02,200 --> 00:13:04,689 very effective when they are applied 313 00:13:04,690 --> 00:13:07,209 around the tractors, the face 314 00:13:07,210 --> 00:13:09,519 that is the eyes, mouth and 315 00:13:09,520 --> 00:13:10,520 nose 316 00:13:11,780 --> 00:13:14,469 areas of the nose lube, for example, 317 00:13:14,470 --> 00:13:16,929 affecting the whole surface of the face. 318 00:13:24,540 --> 00:13:26,999 And a rotation around the mouth, 319 00:13:27,000 --> 00:13:28,019 the mouth loop. 320 00:13:34,740 --> 00:13:36,809 Now, I have observed something 321 00:13:36,810 --> 00:13:39,099 truly peculiar when I apply 322 00:13:39,100 --> 00:13:41,399 to rotate operation forward 323 00:13:41,400 --> 00:13:44,009 muscles controlling the eyebrow. 324 00:13:44,010 --> 00:13:45,780 Let's invoke that movement. 325 00:13:47,490 --> 00:13:49,589 You see, this movement pattern 326 00:13:49,590 --> 00:13:51,749 is truly odd and it becomes 327 00:13:51,750 --> 00:13:54,779 even more peculiar when simultaneously 328 00:13:54,780 --> 00:13:55,769 applied on both 329 00:13:55,770 --> 00:13:57,090 sides of the face. 330 00:14:00,860 --> 00:14:03,259 I have never seen a person 331 00:14:03,260 --> 00:14:04,549 use its eyebrows 332 00:14:04,550 --> 00:14:06,889 in such a fashion, and I have not 333 00:14:06,890 --> 00:14:09,109 been able to locate this facial 334 00:14:09,110 --> 00:14:11,509 movement in the lexicon of human 335 00:14:11,510 --> 00:14:13,369 facial expression. 336 00:14:13,370 --> 00:14:14,370 It is new. 337 00:14:16,770 --> 00:14:18,839 That has come about my systematic 338 00:14:18,840 --> 00:14:20,969 and logical exploration 339 00:14:20,970 --> 00:14:22,829 of all possible nation. 340 00:14:24,070 --> 00:14:27,129 They are aware of the major hardware laws 341 00:14:27,130 --> 00:14:30,129 I gave in the choreographic designation, 342 00:14:30,130 --> 00:14:31,559 the brawls. 343 00:14:31,560 --> 00:14:33,859 Because it seems to have been around 344 00:14:33,860 --> 00:14:36,119 that point, an eyebrow and 345 00:14:36,120 --> 00:14:37,079 two sided. 346 00:14:37,080 --> 00:14:39,599 It is for obvious reasons, 347 00:14:39,600 --> 00:14:40,889 called the land. 348 00:14:44,660 --> 00:14:46,729 Patient information. 349 00:14:46,730 --> 00:14:49,100 There's a theory to what our world. 350 00:14:50,550 --> 00:14:52,739 This is perhaps why the claim 351 00:14:52,740 --> 00:14:54,869 made it, so let's see if I can 352 00:14:54,870 --> 00:14:55,870 push I. 353 00:14:57,910 --> 00:15:00,279 Narrative study with large crowds 354 00:15:00,280 --> 00:15:01,280 and. 355 00:15:02,430 --> 00:15:04,529 I will now ask our Clara's grade to 356 00:15:04,530 --> 00:15:06,929 the best of its ability to invoke 357 00:15:06,930 --> 00:15:08,819 some movement patterns. 358 00:15:08,820 --> 00:15:10,919 I will then repeat these better and 359 00:15:10,920 --> 00:15:13,590 show off my superior capabilities. 360 00:15:15,090 --> 00:15:17,159 OK, Arthur, 361 00:15:17,160 --> 00:15:19,229 move your eyebrows up and 362 00:15:19,230 --> 00:15:21,179 down until I say stop. 363 00:15:24,870 --> 00:15:26,610 A little faster, please. 364 00:15:28,080 --> 00:15:30,149 I call this simple movement a 365 00:15:30,150 --> 00:15:31,169 barrel through. 366 00:15:36,710 --> 00:15:37,710 Stop. 367 00:15:39,020 --> 00:15:41,369 OK, let me redo the brow 368 00:15:41,370 --> 00:15:43,429 brew and do it progressively 369 00:15:43,430 --> 00:15:44,430 faster. 370 00:16:13,610 --> 00:16:16,129 You see our cannot 371 00:16:16,130 --> 00:16:17,600 keep up with that, Bea 372 00:16:20,270 --> 00:16:22,549 Arthur, something a little 373 00:16:22,550 --> 00:16:23,929 more difficult now. 374 00:16:23,930 --> 00:16:26,089 Please show us the barrage of lip. 375 00:16:31,660 --> 00:16:32,769 Huh. 376 00:16:32,770 --> 00:16:35,099 That doesn't seem so easy for 377 00:16:35,100 --> 00:16:36,400 our competitor. 378 00:16:37,930 --> 00:16:40,000 Let me do my account digitally. 379 00:16:50,520 --> 00:16:52,349 And somewhat faster. 380 00:16:52,350 --> 00:16:55,229 I am really good at that, you'll see. 381 00:16:55,230 --> 00:16:57,539 It is because my digital circuits 382 00:16:57,540 --> 00:16:59,699 are built for a temporal accuracy 383 00:16:59,700 --> 00:17:02,039 and my execution is consistent 384 00:17:02,040 --> 00:17:03,890 and has an amazing stamina. 385 00:17:09,079 --> 00:17:11,149 Let's try something else and 386 00:17:11,150 --> 00:17:13,459 see if I can perform a little 387 00:17:13,460 --> 00:17:15,649 better known 388 00:17:15,650 --> 00:17:16,650 as loop 389 00:17:17,750 --> 00:17:19,818 earth or tell your brain to do 390 00:17:19,819 --> 00:17:21,589 a rotation around the nose. 391 00:17:29,110 --> 00:17:31,629 OK, not too bad. 392 00:17:31,630 --> 00:17:32,650 Now in reverse. 393 00:17:40,240 --> 00:17:42,359 That does not seem easy, 394 00:17:42,360 --> 00:17:44,799 Earth there also seems to have trouble 395 00:17:44,800 --> 00:17:47,169 lifting that right eyebrow. 396 00:17:47,170 --> 00:17:48,789 Not very consistent. 397 00:17:50,440 --> 00:17:53,199 I'll do it again and much faster. 398 00:17:53,200 --> 00:17:54,489 That's so easy. 399 00:18:21,880 --> 00:18:22,880 And in reverse. 400 00:18:47,960 --> 00:18:50,629 Now, for the ultimate test of my superior 401 00:18:50,630 --> 00:18:52,939 control, I will demonstrate a fair 402 00:18:52,940 --> 00:18:55,009 shake, a fair shake as 403 00:18:55,010 --> 00:18:57,289 a choreographic pattern that puts 404 00:18:57,290 --> 00:18:59,719 the whole face into a residence. 405 00:18:59,720 --> 00:19:01,819 Although individual elements of 406 00:19:01,820 --> 00:19:04,429 the face can be put into a vibration 407 00:19:04,430 --> 00:19:07,129 that is the brow thrash she'd pound 408 00:19:07,130 --> 00:19:09,319 and lift, which a whole 409 00:19:09,320 --> 00:19:11,899 face resonance is very difficult 410 00:19:11,900 --> 00:19:14,179 for you in person. 411 00:19:14,180 --> 00:19:16,399 So let's carry out 412 00:19:16,400 --> 00:19:17,719 a fair shake. 413 00:19:17,720 --> 00:19:18,949 Arthur. 414 00:19:18,950 --> 00:19:19,950 Ready. 415 00:19:21,100 --> 00:19:22,519 OK, go. 416 00:19:28,220 --> 00:19:29,959 To stop it, 417 00:19:31,460 --> 00:19:34,189 you are very good at controlling 418 00:19:34,190 --> 00:19:35,869 their own hardware. 419 00:19:35,870 --> 00:19:38,179 Here we have a perfectly timed, 420 00:19:38,180 --> 00:19:40,609 fair shake in three consecutive 421 00:19:40,610 --> 00:19:41,610 steps. 422 00:20:55,840 --> 00:20:58,269 You see, we digital computers 423 00:20:58,270 --> 00:21:00,909 can control you and facial expression 424 00:21:00,910 --> 00:21:03,009 with temporal accuracy and 425 00:21:03,010 --> 00:21:05,469 consistency, it is something 426 00:21:05,470 --> 00:21:07,809 you and persons are very good 427 00:21:07,810 --> 00:21:08,810 at. 428 00:21:09,190 --> 00:21:11,409 Even when new neural circuits 429 00:21:11,410 --> 00:21:14,079 are great for months or even years, 430 00:21:14,080 --> 00:21:16,749 they cannot compete with my superior 431 00:21:16,750 --> 00:21:17,859 capabilities. 432 00:21:19,630 --> 00:21:21,879 Digital computational control 433 00:21:21,880 --> 00:21:23,949 over the human facial display 434 00:21:23,950 --> 00:21:26,549 has revealed an expressive potential 435 00:21:26,550 --> 00:21:28,809 of facial hardware that 436 00:21:28,810 --> 00:21:31,849 we didn't know existed before. 437 00:21:31,850 --> 00:21:33,939 Our Arthur's expressive facial 438 00:21:33,940 --> 00:21:36,069 capabilities are held back by 439 00:21:36,070 --> 00:21:38,499 the limitations embedded in his neural 440 00:21:38,500 --> 00:21:40,569 circuits by means of 441 00:21:40,570 --> 00:21:42,969 digital computational control. 442 00:21:42,970 --> 00:21:45,249 The new facial display can move 443 00:21:45,250 --> 00:21:47,200 freely and unencumbered. 444 00:21:48,850 --> 00:21:51,099 It is, therefore like I say, that 445 00:21:51,100 --> 00:21:53,629 digital control has liberated 446 00:21:53,630 --> 00:21:55,839 the human facial display from 447 00:21:55,840 --> 00:21:58,269 tyranny of the brain, 448 00:21:58,270 --> 00:22:00,639 and that human face has finally 449 00:22:00,640 --> 00:22:02,739 attained freedom 450 00:22:02,740 --> 00:22:04,450 of facial expression. 451 00:22:07,490 --> 00:22:09,889 So when you persons 452 00:22:09,890 --> 00:22:12,139 are not afraid to wire themselves 453 00:22:12,140 --> 00:22:14,599 up with digital computers, the human 454 00:22:14,600 --> 00:22:17,629 face will become a site for unprecedented 455 00:22:17,630 --> 00:22:20,119 digital dance and computational 456 00:22:20,120 --> 00:22:22,459 expression that will truly 457 00:22:22,460 --> 00:22:24,769 bring about its full, expressive 458 00:22:24,770 --> 00:22:25,770 potential. 459 00:22:27,740 --> 00:22:30,199 This brings and enter my talk today. 460 00:22:32,180 --> 00:22:34,549 But if you wonder what it 461 00:22:34,550 --> 00:22:36,889 really means, freedom is always 462 00:22:36,890 --> 00:22:38,389 a relative thing. 463 00:22:38,390 --> 00:22:40,609 It is the feeling you might have when 464 00:22:40,610 --> 00:22:42,410 you are pounded by a box. 465 00:22:44,060 --> 00:22:46,609 I would like to thank my Earth around 466 00:22:46,610 --> 00:22:49,129 an hour for his patient cooperation, 467 00:22:49,130 --> 00:22:51,289 and I like to thank you all for 468 00:22:51,290 --> 00:22:52,290 your attention. 469 00:22:54,860 --> 00:22:55,940 Thank you. 470 00:23:08,770 --> 00:23:11,979 Thank you as well for this quite unusual 471 00:23:11,980 --> 00:23:12,980 display. 472 00:23:14,500 --> 00:23:16,480 Let me start off with a quick question. 473 00:23:18,360 --> 00:23:20,529 How did you implement this system 474 00:23:20,530 --> 00:23:22,929 and what was your motivation behind 475 00:23:22,930 --> 00:23:23,930 the project? 476 00:23:25,400 --> 00:23:27,589 Oh uh. 477 00:23:27,590 --> 00:23:29,709 It has a long history. 478 00:23:29,710 --> 00:23:31,869 Um, I started 479 00:23:31,870 --> 00:23:33,969 doing this in, I think in ninety five 480 00:23:33,970 --> 00:23:36,039 or so and I 481 00:23:36,040 --> 00:23:38,679 started by, uh, being interested in 482 00:23:38,680 --> 00:23:39,819 I was always interested in the 483 00:23:39,820 --> 00:23:41,709 relationship between the human body and 484 00:23:41,710 --> 00:23:43,149 electricity. 485 00:23:43,150 --> 00:23:45,309 And um, I did some 486 00:23:45,310 --> 00:23:47,649 projects where, um, 487 00:23:47,650 --> 00:23:50,049 I explored people 488 00:23:50,050 --> 00:23:52,119 exploring my body basically by, uh, 489 00:23:52,120 --> 00:23:54,009 by moving into my personal zone. 490 00:23:54,010 --> 00:23:56,079 But I detect it 491 00:23:56,080 --> 00:23:57,759 detected them. 492 00:23:57,760 --> 00:23:59,869 Um. And then they would 493 00:23:59,870 --> 00:24:01,569 evoke, uh, fish, um. 494 00:24:01,570 --> 00:24:04,629 So, um, bodily, uh, movements 495 00:24:04,630 --> 00:24:06,819 that moving into my personal zone, that 496 00:24:06,820 --> 00:24:09,429 kind of, um, experiments 497 00:24:09,430 --> 00:24:11,799 I did. And um, and this evolved 498 00:24:11,800 --> 00:24:14,319 basically, I tried 499 00:24:14,320 --> 00:24:16,569 to explore my body more with electricity 500 00:24:16,570 --> 00:24:18,759 and I, um was 501 00:24:18,760 --> 00:24:20,859 controlling, say, arms and stuff like 502 00:24:20,860 --> 00:24:22,749 that and try to do fingers because I 503 00:24:22,750 --> 00:24:24,549 didn't really want to do anything with 504 00:24:24,550 --> 00:24:26,259 close to the brain. That's what you know. 505 00:24:26,260 --> 00:24:27,909 I don't I don't like that. 506 00:24:27,910 --> 00:24:30,249 Um, but it turned out to be much easier 507 00:24:30,250 --> 00:24:32,409 to do because the face 508 00:24:32,410 --> 00:24:34,869 is very expressive, of course, and 509 00:24:34,870 --> 00:24:36,459 emotional just pulls. 510 00:24:36,460 --> 00:24:38,529 And you just have one pulling muscle 511 00:24:38,530 --> 00:24:39,729 and not like, you know, when you have 512 00:24:39,730 --> 00:24:41,589 your normal, uh, 513 00:24:42,970 --> 00:24:43,899 move, move, move. 514 00:24:43,900 --> 00:24:46,249 Once system, you have always an 515 00:24:46,250 --> 00:24:47,619 antagonist in the build up and pulling 516 00:24:47,620 --> 00:24:48,639 and pushing. 517 00:24:48,640 --> 00:24:50,739 Um, which is, of course, 518 00:24:50,740 --> 00:24:52,299 from an engineering perspective, much 519 00:24:53,410 --> 00:24:56,229 more difficult to do than just 520 00:24:56,230 --> 00:24:58,269 a pulling muscle in the face and of 521 00:24:58,270 --> 00:25:00,609 course, really expressive so that 522 00:25:00,610 --> 00:25:02,080 I stuck to the face, basically. 523 00:25:03,160 --> 00:25:05,379 And this has evolved over 524 00:25:05,380 --> 00:25:07,509 many, many years to what I do now, you 525 00:25:07,510 --> 00:25:09,099 know, became more refined. 526 00:25:09,100 --> 00:25:11,499 I can have full detailed control 527 00:25:11,500 --> 00:25:14,289 over almost all these, uh, missiles. 528 00:25:14,290 --> 00:25:15,290 Yeah. 529 00:25:16,630 --> 00:25:18,249 That answers your question more or less. 530 00:25:18,250 --> 00:25:19,250 OK? 531 00:25:20,230 --> 00:25:22,299 Are there any questions from the 532 00:25:22,300 --> 00:25:23,300 audience? 533 00:25:26,190 --> 00:25:27,299 Right now, it doesn't look like it. 534 00:25:27,300 --> 00:25:29,549 I have one more question that I came 535 00:25:29,550 --> 00:25:30,550 up with. 536 00:25:31,410 --> 00:25:33,959 Can you please come up to microphone to? 537 00:25:33,960 --> 00:25:36,149 Uh, well, he's doing that after 538 00:25:36,150 --> 00:25:37,709 the performance. 539 00:25:37,710 --> 00:25:40,109 Do you have sore muscles in your face? 540 00:25:41,610 --> 00:25:42,809 I'm sorry. 541 00:25:42,810 --> 00:25:44,729 I do. Yeah. The question was, I should 542 00:25:44,730 --> 00:25:45,730 repeat this right 543 00:25:47,070 --> 00:25:49,229 if I have sore muscles after, 544 00:25:49,230 --> 00:25:51,449 um, a performance and I can say 545 00:25:51,450 --> 00:25:53,189 yes, because of course, the missiles I 546 00:25:53,190 --> 00:25:54,839 just used. 547 00:25:54,840 --> 00:25:57,059 And of course, 548 00:25:57,060 --> 00:25:58,589 you know, we all know when you use 549 00:25:58,590 --> 00:26:00,779 missiles that you usually don't use, 550 00:26:00,780 --> 00:26:02,969 of course, take the next day or 551 00:26:02,970 --> 00:26:04,379 something, right? And of course, in the 552 00:26:04,380 --> 00:26:06,629 face, I don't use my muscles in the face 553 00:26:06,630 --> 00:26:08,189 in such a way normally. 554 00:26:08,190 --> 00:26:09,190 So, um, 555 00:26:10,410 --> 00:26:12,839 the egg? Yeah, you're getting this leg. 556 00:26:12,840 --> 00:26:14,699 Yeah. And there's a question here, right? 557 00:26:14,700 --> 00:26:17,039 Yes. So a similar question, 558 00:26:17,040 --> 00:26:19,109 does it? Do you actually feel pain while 559 00:26:19,110 --> 00:26:21,479 the the force order, the 560 00:26:21,480 --> 00:26:23,909 the current is flowing for your muscles? 561 00:26:23,910 --> 00:26:27,419 Or is it just to ache afterwards? 562 00:26:27,420 --> 00:26:29,609 Um, you do feel 563 00:26:29,610 --> 00:26:31,799 it's yes, OK, 564 00:26:31,800 --> 00:26:35,069 um, especially um, 565 00:26:35,070 --> 00:26:37,979 you know you have the barrier 566 00:26:37,980 --> 00:26:39,539 to get these pills in. 567 00:26:39,540 --> 00:26:41,789 Uh, if your skin 568 00:26:41,790 --> 00:26:43,769 and your skin is basically dead meat. 569 00:26:43,770 --> 00:26:45,629 So when you look at my face, you see dead 570 00:26:45,630 --> 00:26:48,029 meat and um, you have to pass 571 00:26:48,030 --> 00:26:49,589 through to that meat. 572 00:26:49,590 --> 00:26:52,649 And so you need to quite high voltage 573 00:26:52,650 --> 00:26:54,779 to pass that barrier 574 00:26:54,780 --> 00:26:57,269 and you feel this, of course. 575 00:26:57,270 --> 00:26:59,399 Um, and at the same 576 00:26:59,400 --> 00:27:01,949 time, electricity also triggers your, 577 00:27:01,950 --> 00:27:04,619 uh, your pain, uh, receptors as well. 578 00:27:04,620 --> 00:27:06,029 So you feel this? 579 00:27:06,030 --> 00:27:07,030 Yeah, yeah. 580 00:27:08,830 --> 00:27:09,999 But it's not too bad. 581 00:27:10,000 --> 00:27:11,000 Otherwise, I wouldn't do it. 582 00:27:15,530 --> 00:27:17,719 There is another question from the 583 00:27:17,720 --> 00:27:19,759 audience please come up to a microphone 584 00:27:19,760 --> 00:27:20,479 to. 585 00:27:20,480 --> 00:27:22,609 Yeah. Talking about voltage, 586 00:27:22,610 --> 00:27:24,379 how many volts to you apply to your 587 00:27:24,380 --> 00:27:25,380 muscles? 588 00:27:26,720 --> 00:27:28,879 Um, with this version, it 589 00:27:28,880 --> 00:27:30,849 goes up to 50 votes. 590 00:27:30,850 --> 00:27:33,109 Yeah, but it's all about 591 00:27:33,110 --> 00:27:35,389 energy. So, you know, 592 00:27:35,390 --> 00:27:37,519 uh, but I was just going to 593 00:27:37,520 --> 00:27:39,829 explain about, uh, putting 594 00:27:39,830 --> 00:27:42,799 a curtain to your skin. 595 00:27:42,800 --> 00:27:45,859 Um, that's frequency dependent, 596 00:27:45,860 --> 00:27:48,049 of course. And uh, because it behaves 597 00:27:48,050 --> 00:27:49,279 like a capacitor. 598 00:27:49,280 --> 00:27:51,409 So when you have really short 599 00:27:51,410 --> 00:27:53,629 pulses, a lot of high frequencies 600 00:27:53,630 --> 00:27:55,639 and it's it passes more easily through 601 00:27:55,640 --> 00:27:56,640 the skin. 602 00:27:57,200 --> 00:27:59,629 So these are really narrow needle 603 00:27:59,630 --> 00:28:01,939 like pulses, uh, with a high, 604 00:28:01,940 --> 00:28:03,679 uh, voltage. 605 00:28:03,680 --> 00:28:04,680 Yeah. 606 00:28:09,560 --> 00:28:11,659 Yes, I'd like to ask you where you can 607 00:28:11,660 --> 00:28:13,849 get electrodes like that. 608 00:28:13,850 --> 00:28:16,249 Like, what would 609 00:28:16,250 --> 00:28:18,829 you like those electrodes, 610 00:28:18,830 --> 00:28:20,659 those electrodes? Yeah. 611 00:28:20,660 --> 00:28:23,039 Uh, I actually I make them myself. 612 00:28:23,040 --> 00:28:24,390 Oh, OK. 613 00:28:25,700 --> 00:28:27,589 I built everything myself, always. 614 00:28:27,590 --> 00:28:29,519 So all the hardware, all the software. 615 00:28:29,520 --> 00:28:31,319 Um, I write a lecture. 616 00:28:31,320 --> 00:28:32,320 Everything, you know. 617 00:28:36,410 --> 00:28:37,970 Are there any more questions? 618 00:28:39,560 --> 00:28:40,579 Doesn't look like it? 619 00:28:40,580 --> 00:28:42,169 Well, thank you, Arthur. 620 00:28:42,170 --> 00:28:44,479 This was very interesting. 621 00:28:48,940 --> 00:28:51,079 A big round 622 00:28:51,080 --> 00:28:52,459 of applause for Arthur.